SSC CGL 16 September 2025 · Shift 1 · English Comprehension — questions with answers · ShikshaSphere
Chapter 52 of 192
16 September 2025 · Shift 1
English Comprehension
25 questions ~25 min readFree
25 questions
A
76
Choose the one-word substitute for the below sentence.
The text was written in a secret code to hide its meaning.
A.Cipher
B.Epistle
C.Diatribe
D.Manuscript
Solution
One-word — Cipher
A 'cipher' is a secret method of writing — a code that hides meaning.
An epistle is a letter; a diatribe is a bitter verbal attack.
A manuscript is simply a hand-written or unpublished document.
Hence option (a).
77
Choose the correct one-word substitute for:
An official pardon for people who have been convicted of political offences.
A.Amnesty
B.Reprieve
C.Mercy
D.Parole
Solution
One-word — Amnesty
'Amnesty' is exactly an official pardon granted to people convicted of political offences.
A reprieve only postpones or cancels a punishment, especially a death sentence.
Mercy is general compassion; parole is early release under conditions.
Hence option (a).
78
Choose the correct phrasal verb:
Investors tend to ____ high-risk stocks.
A.brush over
B.lean towards
C.shy away from
D.walk into
Solution
Phrasal verb — shy away from
'Shy away from' means to avoid something one finds difficult or risky.
Investors typically AVOID high-risk stocks, so this fits.
'Brush over' means to treat superficially; 'walk into' means to enter or fall into.
Hence option (c).
79
Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word:
Explain
A.Confuse
B.Illuminate
C.Destroy
D.Darken
Solution
Synonym — Explain
To 'explain' is to make an idea or situation clear.
'Illuminate' also means to make something clear or easy to understand.
Confuse and darken mean the opposite; destroy is unrelated.
Hence option (b).
80
Select the most appropriate antonym of the given word.
Agree
A.Allow
B.Demur
C.Accept
D.Concur
Solution
Antonym — Agree
'Agree' means to have the same opinion or to consent.
'Demur' means to raise objections or hesitate — the true opposite.
Accept and concur are synonyms of agree; allow means to permit.
Hence option (b).
81
Choose the idiom that means:
To admit you were wrong and apologise
A.Eat a humble pie
B.Eat like a horse
C.Piece of cake
D.Icing on the cake
Solution
Idiom — eat humble pie
'To eat humble pie' means to admit one's mistake and apologise.
'Eat like a horse' = eat a lot; 'a piece of cake' = very easy.
'Icing on the cake' = an extra benefit on top of something good.
Hence option (a).
82
Select the most appropriate antonym of the bracketed word to complete the sentence.
She was ____ (zany) enough to stop driving when she got too tired.
A.Sensible
B.Strange
C.Clownish
D.Eccentric
Solution
Antonym — zany
'Zany' means foolish, eccentric or clownish.
Its antonym is SENSIBLE — showing good judgment.
The sentence itself describes a wise decision, which confirms the fit.
Hence option (a).
83
Choose the correct spelling.
A.Metaficsion
B.Meteorighte
C.Meteorology
D.Metear
Solution
Correct spelling
'Meteorology' — the science of weather — is spelt correctly.
The others should be 'Metafiction', 'Meteorite' and 'Meteor'.
Only option (c) needs no correction.
Hence option (c).
84
Select the correct option.
The artist was praised for the ____ of her work.
A.meticulousness
B.bravery
C.validity
D.severity
Solution
Vocabulary — meticulousness
'Meticulousness' is the quality of being very careful about every detail.
That is exactly what an artist is praised for in her work.
Bravery, validity and severity do not fit the context.
Hence option (a).
85
The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.
The committee has postponed (1)/ the announcement until (2)/ further informations is received (3)/ from the regional offices. (4)
A.(1)
B.(2)
C.(3)
D.(4)
Solution
Error — uncountable noun
Nouns like information, furniture, scenery, work and cattle are uncountable — they take no plural -s.
So 'informations' is wrong; it must be 'information'.
Correct: 'until further information is received'.
Hence option (c).
86
Select the option that expresses the given sentence in the Active/Passive voice.
The researchers had conducted the experiment with utmost precision.
A.The experiment is conducted with utmost precision by the researchers.
B.The experiment was being conducted with utmost precision by the researchers.
C.The experiment had been conducted with utmost precision by the researchers.
D.The experiment will be conducted with utmost precision by the researchers.
Solution
Active → passive (past perfect)
'Had conducted' is past perfect active.
Its passive is had been + past participle.
(a) shifts to present, (b) to past continuous, (d) to future.
Hence option (c).
87
The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.
Neither the scientists nor the research team (1)/ were willing to compromise (2)/ on the accuracy of the findings (3)/ despite external pressure. (4)
A.(1)
B.(2)
C.(3)
D.(4)
Solution
Error — neither…nor
With 'neither…nor' the verb agrees with the subject NEAREST to it.
Here the nearer subject is 'the research team' — singular.
So 'were' must become 'was willing to compromise'.
Hence option (b).
88
Select the sentence containing the homonym of the given word.
Word: Vault
Meaning: a large room or chamber used for storage, especially an underground one.
A.The jeweler stored the diamonds in a fireproof vault.
B.The athlete managed to vault over the high hurdle.
C.The museum's underground vault contained ancient scrolls.
D.They reinforced the walls of the treasure vault with concrete.
Solution
Homonym — vault
The given meaning is the noun — a strong storage chamber.
A homonym uses the same word in a DIFFERENT sense.
In (b) 'vault' is a verb meaning to leap over something; (a), (c) and (d) keep the storage meaning.
Hence option (b).
89
Select the option that expresses the given sentence in the Active/Passive voice.
The final report was approved by the committee after several revisions.
A.The committee has approved the final report after several revisions.
B.The committee approved the final report after several revisions.
C.The committee is approving the final report after several revisions.
D.The committee approves the final report after several revisions.
Solution
Passive → active
'Was approved' is simple past passive.
The active form must stay in the simple past: approved.
(a) uses present perfect, (c) present continuous, (d) simple present.
Hence option (b).
90
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the architecture of digital consciousness, where algorithms increasingly dictate perception, the boundary between autonomy and automation becomes perilously thin. Every scroll, click, or pause is parsed by unseen systems that learn, adapt, and anticipate — creating a feedback loop where human preference is both the input and the product. The illusion of choice, sustained by the abundance of content, often conceals a subtle curation of thought. Recommendation engines, cloaked in neutrality, are in fact value-laden mechanisms shaped by data hierarchies and corporate imperatives. What appears as personalization may instead be algorithmic determinism — a world where our desires are gently steered rather than freely formed. Moreover, the architecture of attention has been commodified; distraction is not a side effect but a business model. Cognitive overload diminishes reflection, while emotional triggers amplify engagement. In this ecosystem, outrage travels faster than nuance, and visibility becomes the currency of relevance. Even the language of digital ethics — transparency, accountability, inclusion — struggles to keep pace with the velocity of innovation. Artificial intelligence, though often portrayed as an impartial arbiter, inherits the biases of its creators and the data it consumes. It replicates not just human intelligence, but also human prejudice. Yet amid this algorithmic opacity lies a paradox of empowerment: never before has humanity possessed such access to knowledge and connectivity, yet never has it been more vulnerable to manipulation. The challenge is not to dismantle technology but to rehumanize it — to ensure that the circuitry of progress serves human discernment rather than diminishes it.
What is the central idea of the passage?
A.Artificial intelligence enhances human freedom.
B.Algorithms have made decision-making more objective.
C.Digital systems subtly influence human perception and autonomy.
D.The internet is an entirely neutral platform for expression.
Solution
RC — central idea
The passage argues that algorithms increasingly dictate perception and thin the line between autonomy and automation.
Recommendation engines quietly curate thought while appearing neutral.
So the core idea is the subtle influence of digital systems on perception and autonomy.
Hence option (c).
91
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the architecture of digital consciousness, where algorithms increasingly dictate perception, the boundary between autonomy and automation becomes perilously thin. Every scroll, click, or pause is parsed by unseen systems that learn, adapt, and anticipate — creating a feedback loop where human preference is both the input and the product. The illusion of choice, sustained by the abundance of content, often conceals a subtle curation of thought. Recommendation engines, cloaked in neutrality, are in fact value-laden mechanisms shaped by data hierarchies and corporate imperatives. What appears as personalization may instead be algorithmic determinism — a world where our desires are gently steered rather than freely formed. Moreover, the architecture of attention has been commodified; distraction is not a side effect but a business model. Cognitive overload diminishes reflection, while emotional triggers amplify engagement. In this ecosystem, outrage travels faster than nuance, and visibility becomes the currency of relevance. Even the language of digital ethics — transparency, accountability, inclusion — struggles to keep pace with the velocity of innovation. Artificial intelligence, though often portrayed as an impartial arbiter, inherits the biases of its creators and the data it consumes. It replicates not just human intelligence, but also human prejudice. Yet amid this algorithmic opacity lies a paradox of empowerment: never before has humanity possessed such access to knowledge and connectivity, yet never has it been more vulnerable to manipulation. The challenge is not to dismantle technology but to rehumanize it — to ensure that the circuitry of progress serves human discernment rather than diminishes it.
The phrase "illusion of choice" suggests that -
A.users have unlimited freedom online.
B.online options appear diverse but are algorithmically curated.
C.individuals consciously control digital algorithms.
D.personalization eliminates manipulation.
Solution
RC — 'illusion of choice'
The passage says the illusion of choice is sustained by the abundance of content.
That abundance conceals a subtle curation of thought by recommendation engines.
So the options only LOOK diverse — they are algorithmically selected.
Hence option (b).
92
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the architecture of digital consciousness, where algorithms increasingly dictate perception, the boundary between autonomy and automation becomes perilously thin. Every scroll, click, or pause is parsed by unseen systems that learn, adapt, and anticipate — creating a feedback loop where human preference is both the input and the product. The illusion of choice, sustained by the abundance of content, often conceals a subtle curation of thought. Recommendation engines, cloaked in neutrality, are in fact value-laden mechanisms shaped by data hierarchies and corporate imperatives. What appears as personalization may instead be algorithmic determinism — a world where our desires are gently steered rather than freely formed. Moreover, the architecture of attention has been commodified; distraction is not a side effect but a business model. Cognitive overload diminishes reflection, while emotional triggers amplify engagement. In this ecosystem, outrage travels faster than nuance, and visibility becomes the currency of relevance. Even the language of digital ethics — transparency, accountability, inclusion — struggles to keep pace with the velocity of innovation. Artificial intelligence, though often portrayed as an impartial arbiter, inherits the biases of its creators and the data it consumes. It replicates not just human intelligence, but also human prejudice. Yet amid this algorithmic opacity lies a paradox of empowerment: never before has humanity possessed such access to knowledge and connectivity, yet never has it been more vulnerable to manipulation. The challenge is not to dismantle technology but to rehumanize it — to ensure that the circuitry of progress serves human discernment rather than diminishes it.
What does the author imply about artificial intelligence ethics?
A.It fully resolves issues of bias.
B.It evolves faster than innovation.
C.It mirrors existing human flaws.
D.It prevents algorithmic manipulation.
Solution
RC — AI ethics
The passage says AI inherits the biases of its creators and of the data it consumes.
It replicates not just human intelligence but human prejudice.
Also, the language of digital ethics struggles to keep pace with innovation.
So AI mirrors human flaws — option (c).
93
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the architecture of digital consciousness, where algorithms increasingly dictate perception, the boundary between autonomy and automation becomes perilously thin. Every scroll, click, or pause is parsed by unseen systems that learn, adapt, and anticipate — creating a feedback loop where human preference is both the input and the product. The illusion of choice, sustained by the abundance of content, often conceals a subtle curation of thought. Recommendation engines, cloaked in neutrality, are in fact value-laden mechanisms shaped by data hierarchies and corporate imperatives. What appears as personalization may instead be algorithmic determinism — a world where our desires are gently steered rather than freely formed. Moreover, the architecture of attention has been commodified; distraction is not a side effect but a business model. Cognitive overload diminishes reflection, while emotional triggers amplify engagement. In this ecosystem, outrage travels faster than nuance, and visibility becomes the currency of relevance. Even the language of digital ethics — transparency, accountability, inclusion — struggles to keep pace with the velocity of innovation. Artificial intelligence, though often portrayed as an impartial arbiter, inherits the biases of its creators and the data it consumes. It replicates not just human intelligence, but also human prejudice. Yet amid this algorithmic opacity lies a paradox of empowerment: never before has humanity possessed such access to knowledge and connectivity, yet never has it been more vulnerable to manipulation. The challenge is not to dismantle technology but to rehumanize it — to ensure that the circuitry of progress serves human discernment rather than diminishes it.
Which of the following best explains the paradox mentioned in the passage?
A.Technology isolates and empowers simultaneously.
B.Algorithms are neutral and self-correcting.
C.Human desires cannot be predicted.
D.Data has lost all ethical significance.
Solution
RC — paradox
The stated paradox: never has humanity had such access to knowledge and connectivity, yet never been more vulnerable to manipulation.
Technology therefore empowers and endangers at the same time.
That double effect is exactly what option (a) captures.
Hence option (a).
94
Directions (Qs. 90-94): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the architecture of digital consciousness, where algorithms increasingly dictate perception, the boundary between autonomy and automation becomes perilously thin. Every scroll, click, or pause is parsed by unseen systems that learn, adapt, and anticipate — creating a feedback loop where human preference is both the input and the product. The illusion of choice, sustained by the abundance of content, often conceals a subtle curation of thought. Recommendation engines, cloaked in neutrality, are in fact value-laden mechanisms shaped by data hierarchies and corporate imperatives. What appears as personalization may instead be algorithmic determinism — a world where our desires are gently steered rather than freely formed. Moreover, the architecture of attention has been commodified; distraction is not a side effect but a business model. Cognitive overload diminishes reflection, while emotional triggers amplify engagement. In this ecosystem, outrage travels faster than nuance, and visibility becomes the currency of relevance. Even the language of digital ethics — transparency, accountability, inclusion — struggles to keep pace with the velocity of innovation. Artificial intelligence, though often portrayed as an impartial arbiter, inherits the biases of its creators and the data it consumes. It replicates not just human intelligence, but also human prejudice. Yet amid this algorithmic opacity lies a paradox of empowerment: never before has humanity possessed such access to knowledge and connectivity, yet never has it been more vulnerable to manipulation. The challenge is not to dismantle technology but to rehumanize it — to ensure that the circuitry of progress serves human discernment rather than diminishes it.
The author's tone in the passage can best be described as -
A.Alarmist yet hopeful
B.Indifferent and detached
C.Sarcastic and mocking
D.Celebratory and optimistic
Solution
RC — tone
The author warns sharply about manipulation, commodified attention and algorithmic bias — an alarmed note.
But the closing call is constructive: rehumanize technology so progress serves human discernment.
That mix is best described as alarmist yet hopeful.
Hence option (a).
95
Select the most appropriate option to substitute the underline/Bold segment in the given sentence.
She discussed about the issue with her manager.
A.discussed on the issue
B.discussed the issue
C.had discussed about the issue
D.was discussed the issue
Solution
discuss (transitive)
'Discuss' is a transitive verb — it takes a direct object with NO preposition.
So 'about' must be dropped: discussed the issue.
Options (a), (c) and (d) keep a wrong preposition or voice.
Hence option (b).
96
Select the correct indirect/direct form of the given sentence.
He said that he had never been to Japan before that trip.
A.He said, "I have never been to Japan before this trip."
B.He said, "I had never been to Japan before that trip."
C.He said, "I never went to Japan before that trip."
D.He said, "I have not gone to Japan before that trip."
Solution
Indirect → direct
Reverse the backshift: reported past perfect comes from the present perfect.
'Had never been' → 'have never been'; 'that trip' → 'this trip'.
Direct: He said, "I have never been to Japan before this trip." ✓
Hence option (a).
97
Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
1. These systems can identify spoken words and phrases and convert them into written text.
2. Speech recognition technology enables machines to interpret and process human language.
3. With the help of machine learning algorithms, accuracy improves as the system is exposed to more data.
4. Applications like voice assistants and automated transcription tools rely heavily on this technology.
A.2, 1, 3, 4
B.2, 4, 1, 3
C.1, 2, 3, 4
D.4, 3, 2, 1
Solution
Para jumble — speech recognition
Sentence 2 introduces speech recognition technology — the opener.
Sentence 1 ('These systems…') explains how it works.
Sentence 3 adds how accuracy improves, and sentence 4 closes with applications.
Order 2-1-3-4 — option (a).
98
Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
1. Renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power are being developed to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
2. These sources are cleaner and help mitigate the effects of climate change.
3. The growing global demand for energy has led to environmental concerns about sustainability.
4. Transitioning to renewables requires investment in technology and supportive government policies.
A.3, 1, 2, 4
B.1, 3, 2, 4
C.3, 2, 1, 4
D.2, 4, 3, 1
Solution
Para jumble — renewables
Sentence 3 sets up the problem — rising demand and sustainability concerns.
Sentence 1 offers the response: developing renewables.
Sentence 2 ('These sources…') describes their benefit, and sentence 4 states what the transition needs.
Order 3-1-2-4 — option (a).
99
Select the most appropriate option to substitute the underline/Bold segment in the given sentence.
Either the committee members or the chairperson have agreed to the proposal.
A.have agreed
B.has agreed
C.are agreeing
D.were agreed
Solution
Either…or agreement
With 'either…or' the verb agrees with the nearer subject.
The nearer subject is 'the chairperson' — singular.
So it must be 'has agreed'.
Hence option (b).
100
Select the correct indirect/direct form of the given sentence.
They said, "We have completed the project successfully."
A.They said that they completed the project successfully.
B.They said that they have completed the project successfully.
C.They said that they had completed the project successfully.
D.They said that they would complete the project successfully.
Solution
Direct → indirect (perfect)
Present perfect in direct speech backshifts to past perfect in reported speech.
'Have completed' → 'had completed'; 'we' → 'they'.
(a) drops the perfect aspect, (b) keeps the present, (d) changes the meaning.
Hence option (c).
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