SSC CGL 26 September 2025 · Shift 2 · English Comprehension — questions with answers

76

Select the correct spelling to fill in the blank. The extreme desert heat led to the rapid ____ of the exposed plants.

A.dessication
B.desication
C.desiccation
D.desiccasion

Solution

Spelling — desiccation 'Desiccation' — the act of drying out completely — is the correct spelling. It has a single s and a double c. (a) reverses that, (b) drops a letter and (d) changes the ending to -sion. Hence option (c).

77

Select the correct indirect form of the given sentence. The librarian instructed, "Do not reshelve the books yourselves."

A.The librarian instructed not to reshelve the books themselves.
B.The librarian instructed them do not reshelve the books themselves.
C.The librarian instructed that they do not reshelve the books yourselves.
D.The librarian instructed them not to reshelve the books themselves.

Solution

Reported prohibition A negative imperative is reported as "not to" plus the verb, after an object. "Yourselves" becomes "themselves" in reported speech. (a) leaves out the object, (b) keeps the imperative form and (c) keeps "yourselves". Hence option (d).

78

Select the most appropriate antonym of the given word: EXACERBATE

A.Worsen
B.Aggravate
C.Alleviate
D.Intensify

Solution

Antonym — Exacerbate 'Exacerbate' means to make a bad situation worse. 'Alleviate' means to make it less severe — the true opposite. Worsen, aggravate and intensify are all synonyms of exacerbate. Hence option (c).

79

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom. To come clean

A.To tidy up a messy place
B.To take a bath
C.To emerge from a difficult situation unscathed
D.To confess something, especially something wrong

Solution

Idiom — come clean 'To come clean' means to admit the truth about something one has hidden. It usually refers to owning up to a wrongdoing. Options (a) and (b) take the phrase literally. Hence option (d).

80

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in the Passive voice. The panel rejected the proposal that the survey results should be re-evaluated before publication.

A.The proposal that the survey results should be re-evaluated before publication was rejected by the panel.
B.The proposal was rejected that the survey results should be re-evaluated before publication by the panel.
C.The proposal that the survey results should have been re-evaluated before publication was rejected by the panel.
D.The proposal that the survey results should be re-evaluated before publication has been rejected by the panel.

Solution

Passive with a that-clause The whole noun phrase "the proposal that … publication" is the object, so it moves to the front intact. "Rejected" is simple past, so the passive is "was rejected". (b) splits the noun phrase, (c) changes the inner verb and (d) shifts to the present perfect. Hence option (a).

81

Select the correct spelling of a concept describing a universal or all-encompassing system of governance or interconnected hierarchies, often transcending national borders.

A.Panarchy
B.Panarky
C.Panaarchy
D.Panarcky

Solution

Spelling — Panarchy 'Panarchy' is the correct spelling — pan (all) + archy (rule). The -archy ending is the same as in monarchy and anarchy. The others replace the ch with k or double the a. Hence option (a).

82

Complete the sentence by using the correct collocation. Due to his family connections on the board, John seemed to ____ in the promotion race, leaving other qualified candidates at a disadvantage.

A.hold all the cards
B.play by the rules
C.lay his cards on the table
D.deal a raw deal

Solution

Idiom — hold all the cards 'To hold all the cards' means to be in the strongest position, with every advantage. His family connections gave him exactly that edge over the others. "Lay his cards on the table" means to be open, and "play by the rules" to act fairly. Hence option (a).

83

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words: A person who lives a solitary life and tends to avoid other people.

A.Hedonist
B.Recluse
C.Stoic
D.Epicurean

Solution

One-word — Recluse A 'recluse' lives alone and keeps away from society. A hedonist and an epicurean both live for pleasure. A stoic bears hardship without complaint, which is a different idea altogether. Hence option (b).

84

Select the correct spelling of the noun form of the paroxysmal medical condition.

A.Paroxysmme
B.Paroxysim
C.Paroxysm
D.Paroxysam

Solution

Spelling — Paroxysm 'Paroxysm' — a sudden attack or violent outburst — is the correct spelling. It ends simply in -ysm, with no extra vowel. The others add an m, an i or an a before the final m. Hence option (c).

85

The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options. The manager distributed (1)/ many important informations (2)/ during the morning briefing, (3)/ causing some confusion. (4)

A.(1)
B.(2)
C.(3)
D.(4)

Solution

Uncountable noun "Information" is an uncountable noun and has no plural form. So "informations" is wrong; it should be "much important information" or "many pieces of important information". The rest of the sentence is correct. The error lies in part (2) — option (b).

86

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in the Passive voice. The engineers will have completed the bridge by the end of the year.

A.The bridge will be completed by the engineers by the end of the year.
B.The bridge is completed by the engineers by the end of the year.
C.The bridge would have been completed by the engineers by the end of the year.
D.The bridge will have been completed by the engineers by the end of the year.

Solution

Future perfect passive "Will have completed" is future perfect, so the passive is "will have been completed". The object becomes the subject and the doer follows with "by the engineers". (a) is simple future, (b) present and (c) uses "would". Hence option (d).

87

Select the option which contains the most appropriate HOMONYM of the word given in bold/underline. The artisan applied a thin layer of varnish to the wooden surface.

A.The curator inspected the ancient varnish that had begun to peel.
B.The craftsman demonstrated how the varnish deepened the colour of the oak panels.
C.The lawyer attempted to varnish the truth to make the report appear more favourable.
D.The apprentices watched as the varnish dried under controlled light.

Solution

Homonym — varnish In the given sentence "varnish" is the noun for the protective coating applied to wood. Options (a), (b) and (d) all use it in that same sense. In (c) it is a verb meaning to gloss over or disguise the truth — a wholly different meaning. Hence option (c).

88

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom. To blow hot and cold

A.To experience extreme temperature changes
B.To keep changing one’s attitude or opinion
C.To argue passionately for both sides of an issue
D.To have a fluctuating fever

Solution

Idiom — blow hot and cold 'To blow hot and cold' means to keep shifting between enthusiasm and indifference. It describes a person whose opinion or support cannot be relied upon. Options (a) and (d) read the phrase literally. Hence option (b).

89

Select the most appropriate option to substitute the underlined segment in the given sentence. An anonymous person claims that the suspect will escaped through the back alley, unnoticed by the police.

A.will be escape through
B.will escape through
C.will have to escaped through
D.shall escaped through

Solution

Modal + base form A modal such as "will" is always followed by the base form of the verb. So "will escaped" must become "will escape". The other options either add a wrong auxiliary or keep the past form. Hence option (b).

90

Select the correct direct form of the given sentence. The manager affirmed that the bonus would be disbursed, provided that the quarterly targets had been met.

A.The manager said, "The bonus will be disbursed, provided that the quarterly targets have been met."
B.The manager said, "The bonus would be disbursed, provided that the quarterly targets had been met."
C.The manager said, "The bonus can be disbursed, provided that the quarterly targets are met."
D.The manager said, "The bonus is disbursed, provided that the quarterly targets are met."

Solution

Indirect → direct Reverse the backshift: reported "would" comes from spoken "will", and "had been met" from "have been met". So the direct form keeps the future and the present perfect. (b) simply repeats the reported form and (c) and (d) change the meaning. Hence option (a).

91

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph. 1. This new approach involves regular sensor readings and predictive analytics. 2. The old method of reactive maintenance often led to costly breakdowns. 3. Consequently, equipment uptime has significantly improved. 4. The company adopted a proactive maintenance strategy.

A.2-4-1-3
B.4-1-2-3
C.2-1-4-3
D.1-3-2-4

Solution

Para jumble — maintenance Sentence 2 states the old problem — the opener. Sentence 4 introduces the new strategy and sentence 1 ("This new approach…") explains what it involves. Sentence 3 ("Consequently…") closes with the result. Order 2-4-1-3 — option (a).

92

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words: A drug that causes temporary loss of memory.

A.Amnesiac
B.Narcotic
C.Hypnotic
D.Purgative

Solution

One-word — Amnesiac Amnesia is loss of memory, so an amnesiac drug is one that causes it. A narcotic dulls the senses and relieves pain, and a hypnotic induces sleep. A purgative empties the bowels. Hence option (a).

93

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom. To step up to the plate

A.To offer someone food
B.To take responsibility and perform well when needed
C.To serve food to guests
D.To begin a new game

Solution

Idiom — step up to the plate 'To step up to the plate' comes from baseball, where the batter takes his position at home plate. It has come to mean taking on a responsibility when the moment demands it. The word "plate" here has nothing to do with food. Hence option (b).

94

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph. 1. Cloud computing offers significant advantages for collaborative scientific research. 2. Specifically, it allows for real-time sharing and version control of large datasets. 3. This enables multiple researchers to contribute to the same project without overwriting each other's work. 4. Furthermore, it provides access to vast computational resources on demand, accelerating complex analyses.

A.2, 3, 1, 4
B.1, 2, 3, 4
C.3, 1, 4, 2
D.4, 3, 1, 2

Solution

Para jumble — cloud computing Sentence 1 makes the general claim — the opener. Sentence 2 ("Specifically…") gives the first advantage and sentence 3 ("This enables…") its effect. Sentence 4 ("Furthermore…") adds the second advantage. Order 1-2-3-4 — option (b).

95

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph. 1. It helps them think better for college. 2. Learning by doing projects in school is very good for students. 3. Kids work on real problems, so they learn more than just memorizing facts. 4. This way of learning also makes them work and talk together with friends.

A.1-4-3-2
B.3-2-1-4
C.2-3-4-1
D.4-1-2-3

Solution

Para jumble — project learning Sentence 2 states the main idea — the opener. Sentence 3 explains why it works and sentence 4 ("This way of learning also…") adds a further benefit. Sentence 1 ("It helps them…") closes with the long-term gain. Order 2-3-4-1 — option (c).

96

Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow. The human lymphatic system plays a crucial role in maintaining internal balance by transporting excess fluid, filtering harmful substances and supporting immune responses. Unlike the circulatory system, the lymphatic network does not rely on a central pump; instead it depends on muscle movement and pressure changes to propel lymph throughout the body. Lymph nodes, positioned strategically along lymphatic vessels, act as biological checkpoints where pathogens are identified and neutralised. Disruptions in this system can lead to a condition known as lymphoedema, characterised by abnormal fluid accumulation and persistent swelling, usually in the limbs. Left unmanaged, lymphoedema may impair mobility and increase susceptibility to infections. Early diagnosis is therefore essential, as timely intervention can significantly slow the progression of symptoms. Health experts emphasise that regular physical activity, adequate hydration and proper limb care all contribute to a healthier lymphatic function. Additionally, avoiding tight clothing, which may restrict lymph flow, helps maintain natural circulation. As awareness grows, individuals are encouraged to monitor changes in their body and seek guidance whenever swelling or discomfort persists.

What does the term "accumulation" imply when dealing with lymphoedema?

A.Removal of excess tissue
B.Gradual build-up of fluid
C.Sudden loss of pressure
D.Reduction in immune activity

Solution

Meaning of accumulation The passage describes lymphoedema as abnormal fluid accumulation with persistent swelling. "Accumulation" therefore means a gathering or building up of fluid over time. It is the opposite of removal, which is what option (a) suggests. Hence option (b).

97

Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow. The human lymphatic system plays a crucial role in maintaining internal balance by transporting excess fluid, filtering harmful substances and supporting immune responses. Unlike the circulatory system, the lymphatic network does not rely on a central pump; instead it depends on muscle movement and pressure changes to propel lymph throughout the body. Lymph nodes, positioned strategically along lymphatic vessels, act as biological checkpoints where pathogens are identified and neutralised. Disruptions in this system can lead to a condition known as lymphoedema, characterised by abnormal fluid accumulation and persistent swelling, usually in the limbs. Left unmanaged, lymphoedema may impair mobility and increase susceptibility to infections. Early diagnosis is therefore essential, as timely intervention can significantly slow the progression of symptoms. Health experts emphasise that regular physical activity, adequate hydration and proper limb care all contribute to a healthier lymphatic function. Additionally, avoiding tight clothing, which may restrict lymph flow, helps maintain natural circulation. As awareness grows, individuals are encouraged to monitor changes in their body and seek guidance whenever swelling or discomfort persists.

Select the most appropriate meaning of the term "susceptibility" as used in the passage.

A.Strong resistance to illness
B.Increased likelihood of being affected
C.Complete immunity from infection
D.Ability to recover instantly

Solution

Meaning of susceptibility The passage says unmanaged lymphoedema may increase susceptibility to infections. "Susceptibility" is the state of being easily affected by something. Resistance and immunity mean the very opposite. Hence option (b).

98

Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow. The human lymphatic system plays a crucial role in maintaining internal balance by transporting excess fluid, filtering harmful substances and supporting immune responses. Unlike the circulatory system, the lymphatic network does not rely on a central pump; instead it depends on muscle movement and pressure changes to propel lymph throughout the body. Lymph nodes, positioned strategically along lymphatic vessels, act as biological checkpoints where pathogens are identified and neutralised. Disruptions in this system can lead to a condition known as lymphoedema, characterised by abnormal fluid accumulation and persistent swelling, usually in the limbs. Left unmanaged, lymphoedema may impair mobility and increase susceptibility to infections. Early diagnosis is therefore essential, as timely intervention can significantly slow the progression of symptoms. Health experts emphasise that regular physical activity, adequate hydration and proper limb care all contribute to a healthier lymphatic function. Additionally, avoiding tight clothing, which may restrict lymph flow, helps maintain natural circulation. As awareness grows, individuals are encouraged to monitor changes in their body and seek guidance whenever swelling or discomfort persists.

Select the correct part of speech to fill in the blank. "Lymph nodes act as biological checkpoints where harmful ____ are detected and neutralised."

A.invade
B.invaded
C.invaders
D.invading

Solution

Part of speech The blank follows the adjective "harmful" and takes the plural verb "are", so a plural NOUN is needed. "Invaders" is the noun form, meaning the harmful organisms that enter the body. "Invade" is a verb, "invaded" a past form and "invading" a participle. Hence option (c).

99

Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow. The human lymphatic system plays a crucial role in maintaining internal balance by transporting excess fluid, filtering harmful substances and supporting immune responses. Unlike the circulatory system, the lymphatic network does not rely on a central pump; instead it depends on muscle movement and pressure changes to propel lymph throughout the body. Lymph nodes, positioned strategically along lymphatic vessels, act as biological checkpoints where pathogens are identified and neutralised. Disruptions in this system can lead to a condition known as lymphoedema, characterised by abnormal fluid accumulation and persistent swelling, usually in the limbs. Left unmanaged, lymphoedema may impair mobility and increase susceptibility to infections. Early diagnosis is therefore essential, as timely intervention can significantly slow the progression of symptoms. Health experts emphasise that regular physical activity, adequate hydration and proper limb care all contribute to a healthier lymphatic function. Additionally, avoiding tight clothing, which may restrict lymph flow, helps maintain natural circulation. As awareness grows, individuals are encouraged to monitor changes in their body and seek guidance whenever swelling or discomfort persists.

According to the passage, which practice supports healthy lymphatic function?

A.Wearing tight clothing to stabilise the limbs
B.Remaining physically inactive to reduce strain
C.Drinking enough water and staying active
D.Ignoring swelling unless it becomes painful

Solution

Healthy lymphatic function The passage names regular physical activity, adequate hydration and proper limb care. It expressly warns against tight clothing, which may restrict lymph flow. It also urges people to seek guidance whenever swelling persists, not to ignore it. Hence option (c).

100

Directions (Qs. 96-100): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow. The human lymphatic system plays a crucial role in maintaining internal balance by transporting excess fluid, filtering harmful substances and supporting immune responses. Unlike the circulatory system, the lymphatic network does not rely on a central pump; instead it depends on muscle movement and pressure changes to propel lymph throughout the body. Lymph nodes, positioned strategically along lymphatic vessels, act as biological checkpoints where pathogens are identified and neutralised. Disruptions in this system can lead to a condition known as lymphoedema, characterised by abnormal fluid accumulation and persistent swelling, usually in the limbs. Left unmanaged, lymphoedema may impair mobility and increase susceptibility to infections. Early diagnosis is therefore essential, as timely intervention can significantly slow the progression of symptoms. Health experts emphasise that regular physical activity, adequate hydration and proper limb care all contribute to a healthier lymphatic function. Additionally, avoiding tight clothing, which may restrict lymph flow, helps maintain natural circulation. As awareness grows, individuals are encouraged to monitor changes in their body and seek guidance whenever swelling or discomfort persists.

Fill in the blank with the correct relative pronoun. "The lymphatic system lacks a central pump, ____ makes muscle movement essential for fluid transport."

A.which
B.why
C.how
D.what

Solution

Relative pronoun The blank refers back to the whole idea of lacking a central pump, and then works as the subject of "makes". Only a relative pronoun can do that, and for a thing or an idea the word is "which". "Why" and "how" are adverbs and cannot be the subject of "makes"; "what" would need no antecedent. Hence option (a).