21 November 2025 · Shift 1

Non-verbal communication Yawning, staring at the ceiling and drifting to a phone are the classic non-verbal signs of falling attention — the listeners have stopped engaging with the talk. They cannot mean deep concentration, because a listener who is concentrating keeps eye contact with the speaker and with the material. The decision that follows is to win the attention back — ask a question, invite an opinion, change the pace — instead of ignoring what the body language is saying. (a) misreads the signal, while (c) and (d) read it and then do nothing, which lets the whole back row switch off. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Train crossing a tunnel For the whole train to pass through a tunnel, the engine must travel the length of the tunnel and then the rest of the train must clear it as well. So the distance covered = length of the train + length of the tunnel. Distance =400+300=700 m. Speed $=\frac{700}{20}=35$ m/s. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Ranking after interchange When two people interchange their places, each one simply occupies the seat the other was holding. After the swap A is 20th from the left, so that seat is the one B was standing on; hence B was originally 20th from the left. For any person in a row: position from the left + position from the right $-1=$ total number of persons. For B: total =20+15-1=34. Hence, there are 34 persons in the row and option (c) is correct.

Maximum length of a row A is 8th from the left, B is 10th from the right, and exactly 5 students stand between them. Two arrangements are possible: A before B (the two counts do not overlap) or A after B (they overlap). The row is longest in the first case. Then the row falls into three separate blocks — the 8 students up to and including A, the 5 students between, and the 10 students from B to the right end. Maximum total =8+5+10=23. Hence, the maximum number of students is 23 and option (b) is correct.

Persons between two ranks First bring both ranks to the same side. Position from the left = total - position from the right $+1$. Position of Vikas from the left =50-18+1=33. Akash stands at 20 from the left, so the two occupy the 20th and the 33rd places. Persons strictly between them =33-20-1=12. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Syllogism: two universals Both statements are universal affirmatives and they share the middle term 'scholars', so the two circles can simply be placed one inside the other. Teachers lie wholly inside scholars, and scholars lie wholly inside intelligent people. Reading the picture from the innermost circle outwards, every teacher is also an intelligent person, so conclusion I follows. Conclusion II turns the relation round and claims that the intelligent group contains none but teachers; the diagram shows plenty of room inside 'Intelligent' outside 'Teachers', so II does not follow. Hence, only conclusion I follows and option (a) is correct.

Statement and inference An inference must be something the statement itself makes reasonably certain, not merely something that might happen next. A complete ban is a strong and deliberate step, and such a step is taken only by a body that takes the issue seriously, so I follows. Nothing is banned without a cause; the harm plastic bags do to the environment is the very ground on which the ban rests, so II follows. III is a prediction about people's future behaviour. The statement names no substitute, and shoppers may equally carry no bag at all, so III does not follow. Hence, both I and II follow and option (c) is correct.

Logical word sequence The words are the stages of putting up a building, written in the order in which the work is actually done. The foundation is laid first, the walls are then raised on it, and the roof is finally placed over the walls. The next item must be what the three stages together produce: once the roof is on, the structure is a completed house. 'Brick' and 'paint' are materials rather than stages, and a 'floor' belongs with the earlier stages, so neither continues the order. Hence, option (d) is correct.

Instrument and quantity The relation in the first pair is instrument : the quantity that instrument measures. A thermometer measures temperature; in exactly the same way a barometer measures atmospheric pressure, which is why it is used to forecast weather. Wind speed is measured by an anemometer and rainfall by a rain gauge, so (a) and (c) belong to other instruments, and 'thickness' is not measured by a barometer at all. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Instrument and quantity Once again the pair is instrument : the quantity it measures, and the name of the instrument itself carries the name of the quantity. A voltmeter measures voltage, that is potential difference; a viscometer therefore measures viscosity, the internal friction or 'thickness' of a fluid. Velocity is read from a speedometer, pressure from a manometer or barometer and a magnetic field from a magnetometer, so none of the other options fits. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Letter coding by shifts Compare CAT with DCW letter by letter: $C\to D$ is +1, $A\to C$ is +2 and $T\to W$ is +3. So the shift grows by one as we move to the right: +1,+2,+3. Apply the same shifts to DOG: D+1=E, O+2=Q, G+3=J. So DOG : EQJ, and option (a) is correct.

Classification: odd one out Banana, mango and apple are all fruits — the sweet, ripened part that a plant develops from its flower and that is usually eaten raw. Potato does not belong to that class at all: it is an underground stem, a tuber, which is used as a vegetable and is normally cooked before eating. Hence, the odd one out is potato and option (d) is correct.

Letter cluster coding Write the alphabet positions of POWER and of UTZGT and take the difference for each place. $P\left(16\right)\to U\left(21\right)$, $O\left(15\right)\to T\left(20\right)$, $W\left(23\right)\to Z\left(26\right)$, $E\left(5\right)\to G\left(7\right)$, $R\left(18\right)\to T\left(20\right)$. So the code adds +5,+5,+3,+2,+2 to the five letters in order. Applying the very same shifts to LIGHT: L+5=Q, I+5=N, G+3=J, H+2=J, T+2=V. Hence LIGHT : QNJJV and option (b) is correct.

Series of squares Every term has the same denominator 2, so the pattern must lie in the numerators alone: $9,25,?,81,121,169$. Each of these is a perfect square of an odd number: $3^2=9$, $5^2=25$, $9^2=81$, ${11}^2=121$, ${13}^2=169$. The odd numbers run 3,5,7,9,11,13, so the missing base is 7. Missing numerator $=7^2=49$, hence the missing term is $\frac{49}{2}$. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Series of cubes The denominator stays 2 throughout, so work only with the numerators: $64,125,216,343,?$ Each one is a perfect cube: $4^3=64$, $5^3=125$, $6^3=216$, $7^3=343$. The bases are the consecutive natural numbers 4,5,6,7, so the next base is 8. Next numerator $=8^3=512$, hence the missing term is $\frac{512}{2}$. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Dictionary word order The five words are 1. Magnet, 2. Magic, 3. Magnify, 4. Magnesium, 5. Magical. All of them begin with MAG, so the fourth letter decides first: Magic and Magical carry I, while Magnesium, Magnet and Magnify carry N, and I comes before N. Between Magic and Magical the shorter word is completely contained in the longer one, so Magic is placed first. Among the MAGN- words the fifth letter separates them: Magnesium and Magnet have E, Magnify has I, so Magnify goes last. Magnesium and Magnet agree up to MAGNE; their sixth letters are S and T, and S comes before T. The dictionary order is therefore Magic, Magical, Magnesium, Magnet, Magnify, that is 2, 5, 4, 1, 3. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Ranking from both ends Sumit's rank is counted once from the top and once from the bottom, so he himself is counted twice; one must be subtracted. Formula: $\mathrm{Total}=\mathrm{Rank}\mathrm{from}\mathrm{top}+\mathrm{Rank}\mathrm{from}\mathrm{bottom}-1$. Substituting the values: $\mathrm{Total}=9+38-1=46$. Read the other way: 9-1=8 students stand above him and 38-1=37 below him, and 8+1+37=46. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Position from the other end The two ranks of one boy always overlap on the boy himself, so $\mathrm{Rank}\mathrm{from}\mathrm{top}+\mathrm{Rank}\mathrm{from}\mathrm{bottom}=\mathrm{Total}+1$. Rearranging: $\mathrm{Rank}\mathrm{from}\mathrm{bottom}=\mathrm{Total}-\mathrm{Rank}\mathrm{from}\mathrm{top}+1$. Substituting the values: =25-12+1=14. Check: 12-1=11 boys are above Ajit and 25-12=13 below him, and 11+1+13=25. Hence, option (c) is correct.

Ranking from both ends Both ranks include Sandeep himself, so adding them counts him twice and one has to be removed. Formula: $\mathrm{Total}=\mathrm{Rank}\mathrm{from}\mathrm{top}+\mathrm{Rank}\mathrm{from}\mathrm{bottom}-1$. Substituting the values: $\mathrm{Total}=10+28-1=37$. Hence, option (c) is correct.

Alphabet series Replace every letter by its place in the alphabet: A = 1, C = 3, F = 6, J = 10, O = 15. The jumps between consecutive terms are $+2,+3,+4,+5$ — each jump is one more than the previous one. So the next jump must be +6, which gives 15+6=21. The 21st letter of the alphabet is U. Hence, option (c) is correct.

Exact string matching The city name, the colon, the month and the full stop are identical in all four options, so only two spots can differ — the date and the year. Fix them from the reference: the date is 26th and the year is 2024. (a) shifts the date to 25th, (d) shifts it to 24th, and (c) shifts the year to 2025. Only (b) repeats every character, digit, space and punctuation mark of the reference. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Decision making Two facts are on record: the student did copy, and he was pushed into it by someone else. A sound decision must answer both — the offence cannot be waved away, and the person who applied the pressure must be identified. Only an enquiry can weigh how far the student acted under compulsion, and the punishment should be fixed in the light of what it finds. (a) punishes only the visible offender and lets the instigator escape; (b) makes cheating look costless; (d) leaves the real cause of the offence untouched. Hence, option (c) is correct.

Situational judgement A police officer has no authority to declare that an offence did not happen, so the case must be registered and the law allowed to take its course. The circumstance — medicine for a sick mother — is a genuine fact, and it belongs in the record and can be met with real help instead of being ignored. The balanced answer therefore does both: it follows the law and adds a humanitarian response. (a) obeys the law but shuts out the circumstance; (c) shows sympathy but sets the law aside; (d) is a plain dereliction of duty. Hence, option (b) is correct.

Word formation First list the stock of letters in REVOLUTIONARY: A, E, I, L, N, O, O, R, R, T, U, V, Y. So there are two O's and two R's, but only one N, one V and one E — and there is no M at all. VOLTMETER needs an M, which the given word does not contain. NATION needs two N's and REVOLVE needs two V's as well as two E's, and the stock has only one of each. VOLUNTARY needs V, O, L, U, N, T, A, R, Y — one of each — and every one of them is present. Hence, option (a) is correct.

Linear seating arrangement All five face north, so each person's right hand points east; draw the bench with seat 1 at the west end and seat 5 at the east end. S sits immediately to T's left, so T cannot occupy seat 1 — there would be no seat for S. Since T is at an end, T takes seat 5 and S takes seat 4. R sits immediately to P's right, so P and R are adjacent as P–R and must fit into seats 1, 2 and 3. If P took seat 2 and R seat 3, Q would be left with seat 1 and nobody would sit between Q and P, breaking the given condition. So P is in seat 1, R in seat 2 and Q in seat 3, and exactly one person (R) sits between Q and P. Seat 3 is the middle seat of the bench, and Q occupies it. Hence, option (b) is correct.