SSC CGL 15 September 2025 · Shift 1 · English Comprehension — questions with answers · ShikshaSphere
Chapter 40 of 192
15 September 2025 · Shift 1
English Comprehension
25 questions ~25 min readFree
25 questions
A
76
Select the most appropriate option to substitute the underline/Bold segment in the given sentence.
She is junior than him in experience.
A.junior from him
B.more junior than him
C.junior to him
D.younger to him
Solution
Junior TO
Latin-origin comparatives — junior, senior, superior, inferior, prior — take 'TO', never 'than'.
Correct: 'She is junior to him in experience.'
'Junior from' and 'more junior than' are unidiomatic; 'younger to' changes the word itself.
Hence option (c).
77
Select the correct indirect/direct form of the given sentence.
She said, "I am reading a novel right now."
A.She said that she is reading a novel right now.
B.She said that she was reading a novel at that time.
C.She said she had been reading a novel right now.
D.She said she reads a novel at that time.
Solution
Direct → indirect — continuous
In indirect speech, present continuous shifts to PAST continuous: am reading → was reading.
The time word also shifts: 'right now' → 'at that time'.
'She said that she was reading a novel at that time.' ✓ — (a) keeps present, (c) wrongly uses past perfect with 'right now', (d) changes the tense.
Hence option (b).
78
Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word:
Carefree
A.Tense
B.Anxious
C.Stressed
D.Non-chalant
Solution
Synonym — Carefree
'Carefree' means free from anxiety or concern.
'Non-chalant' means calm and relaxed — the same easy, unworried state.
Tense, anxious and stressed are all OPPOSITES of carefree.
Hence option (d).
79
Rearrange the following sentences to form a coherent paragraph:
1. This practice involves using genetic material to identify individuals and establish relationships, offering unprecedented accuracy.
2. Forensic science has been revolutionized by advancements in DNA profiling.
3. Its applications range from solving cold cases and identifying disaster victims to exonerating wrongly accused individuals.
4. Before DNA, forensic methods relied heavily on less precise evidence like fingerprints and eyewitness accounts.
A.2, 4, 1, 3
B.4, 2, 1, 3
C.2, 1, 4, 3
D.1, 2, 3, 4
Solution
Para jumble — DNA profiling
Sentence 2 introduces the topic — DNA profiling revolutionising forensic science — so it opens.
Sentence 4 gives the background contrast — what forensics relied on BEFORE DNA.
Sentence 1 ('This practice involves…') then explains the technique, and sentence 3 lists its applications.
Order 2-4-1-3 — option (a).
80
Fill in the blanks with the antonym of the bracketed word.
He favoured a ____ (quixotic) approach to the problem.
A.Romantic
B.Visionary
C.Pragmatic
D.Idealistic
Solution
Antonym — quixotic
'Quixotic' means impractically idealistic — chasing noble but unrealistic dreams (from Don Quixote).
Its antonym is 'pragmatic' — practical and grounded in reality.
Romantic, visionary and idealistic all lean towards quixotic itself.
Hence option (c).
81
Choose the incorrect spelling.
A.Obfuscate
B.Onomotopoeia
C.Sesquipedalian
D.Apathetic
Solution
Incorrect spelling
The correct spelling is 'Onomatopoeia' — a word that imitates a sound (buzz, hiss).
'Onomotopoeia' (with an o in place of the second a) is misspelt.
Obfuscate, sesquipedalian and apathetic are all spelt correctly.
Hence option (b).
82
Select the most appropriate homonym to fill in the blanks of the given sentences.
She reached for her ____ (1) mirror while sitting at the table to read the terms of the new peace ____ (2).
A.compact
B.terms
C.glass
D.deal
Solution
Homonym — compact
A 'compact' (noun 1) is a small case with a mirror used for make-up.
A 'compact' (noun 2) is a formal agreement between parties — 'a peace compact'.
The same word fits both blanks with different meanings — a true homonym; terms/glass/deal fit only one blank each.
Hence option (a).
83
Select the option that expresses the given sentence in the Active/Passive voice.
The artifact was thought to have been stolen from the museum during the renovation.
A.The artifact thought it was stolen during the renovation.
B.Historians thought the artifact had been stolen during the renovation.
C.It was thought that the artifact had been stolen from the museum.
D.Investigators thought the artifact was stolen during the renovation.
Solution
Passive → active
The passive hides the doer, so the active form must supply a sensible subject.
'Historians thought the artifact had been stolen during the renovation.' correctly turns 'was thought' into active 'thought' with the past-perfect passive belief preserved.
Option (a) makes the artifact do the thinking, (c) stays passive, (d) drops the perfect aspect.
Hence option (b).
84
Select the correct one-word substitute for the following situation.
She experiences intense fear while speaking in public.
A.Anthophobia
B.Sociophobia
C.Ergophobia
D.Glossophobia
Solution
One-word — Glossophobia
'Glossophobia' is the fear of PUBLIC SPEAKING (Greek glossa = tongue).
Anthophobia is fear of flowers; ergophobia is fear of work.
Sociophobia is anxiety in social situations generally — not specifically of speaking on stage.
Hence option (d).
85
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
Not until the results were officially announced ____ the students celebrate.
A.they did
B.did they
C.had they
D.were they
Solution
Inversion — Not until
When a sentence OPENS with a negative phrase like 'Not until…', the main clause must invert.
Inversion pattern: auxiliary + subject — did they.
'Not until the results were announced did they celebrate.' ✓
Hence option (b).
86
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
The scientist, ____ discovery changed the course of modern medicine, was awarded the Nobel Prize.
A.who
B.whom
C.whose
D.which
Solution
Relative — whose
The blank must show POSSESSION — the discovery belongs to the scientist.
The possessive relative pronoun is 'whose'.
'Who' is a subject, 'whom' an object, 'which' refers to things.
Hence option (c).
87
The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.
The professor postponed the discussion (1)/ until the research would be published (2)/ to maintain confidentiality (3)/ of the findings. (4)
A.(1)
B.(2)
C.(3)
D.(4)
Solution
Error — until + 'would'
Time clauses with 'until' never take 'would/will'.
Correct: 'until the research was published' (or 'is published').
Part (2) 'until the research would be published' carries the error.
Hence option (b).
88
Select the option that expresses the given sentence in the Active/Passive voice.
Did the committee finalize the annual budget report?
A.Has the annual budget report been finalized by the committee?
B.Was the annual budget report being finalized by the committee?
C.Was the annual budget report finalized by the committee?
D.Is the annual budget report finalized by the committee?
Solution
Interrogative passive
'Did + finalize' is SIMPLE PAST interrogative.
Its passive: Was + object + past participle — Was the report finalized by the committee?
Option (a) shifts to present perfect, (b) to past continuous, (d) to present.
Hence option (c).
89
The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.
Were she to have known about the danger (1)/ she might have taken (2)/ different precautions to ensure her safety (3)/ and avoid the unfortunate incident. (4)
A.(1)
B.(2)
C.(3)
D.(4)
Solution
Error — Were she to have
For an unreal PAST condition, the inverted form is 'Had she known…', not 'Were she to have known'.
'Were she to…' points to a hypothetical FUTURE, which clashes with 'might have taken'.
So part (1) carries the error.
Hence option (a).
90
Choose the correct spelt word.
A.Mathod
B.Municipel
C.Mistrostful
D.Myocardial
Solution
Correct spelling
'Myocardial' (relating to the heart muscle, as in myocardial infarction) is spelt correctly.
The others should be 'Method', 'Municipal' and 'Mistrustful'.
Only option (d) needs no correction.
Hence option (d).
91
Choose the correct one-word substitute for:
A person who intentionally starts a fire in order to destroy or damage something.
A.Sabotage
B.Arsonist
C.Vandalism
D.Burglar
Solution
One-word — Arsonist
A person who deliberately sets fire to property commits ARSON — he is an arsonist.
Sabotage and vandalism name the ACTS, not the person.
A burglar breaks in to steal, not to burn.
Hence option (b).
92
Directions (Qs. 92-96): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the contemporary world, silence has become an anomaly — an absence that many mistake for emptiness rather than presence. Yet, silence is not the negation of sound but its most profound counterpoint. It is within silence that reflection finds its voice, that thoughts distill into clarity, and that creativity germinates. In an age dominated by incessant notifications, ceaseless commentary, and performative expression, the ability to be silent is increasingly radical. Philosophers from Lao Tzu to Wittgenstein have observed that language, though powerful, often fractures experience into fragments that silence alone can reconcile. True understanding, therefore, may not always lie in articulation but in the spaces between words — the pauses that lend speech its meaning. Moreover, silence carries moral and emotional weight. It can soothe or wound, liberate or oppress. The silence of complicity sustains injustice, while the silence of contemplation heals. In relationships, silence can communicate intimacy or alienation, depending on intent and context. Thus, to master silence is not to abstain from speech but to discern when words enhance truth and when they obscure it. In learning to listen — to others, to nature, to ourselves — we recover a dimension of awareness long buried beneath the noise of modern life. Silence, then, is not absence but essence: the quiet pulse beneath the surface of existence that restores depth to being.
According to the passage, the author views silence primarily as —
A.A passive withdrawal from the world
B.An essential component of understanding and awareness
C.A sign of weakness or submission
D.A threat to modern communication
Solution
RC — view of silence
The passage calls silence 'not absence but essence' — the ground where reflection and clarity arise.
It says true understanding may lie in the spaces between words, and listening restores awareness.
So silence is an essential component of understanding and awareness.
Hence option (b).
93
Directions (Qs. 92-96): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the contemporary world, silence has become an anomaly — an absence that many mistake for emptiness rather than presence. Yet, silence is not the negation of sound but its most profound counterpoint. It is within silence that reflection finds its voice, that thoughts distill into clarity, and that creativity germinates. In an age dominated by incessant notifications, ceaseless commentary, and performative expression, the ability to be silent is increasingly radical. Philosophers from Lao Tzu to Wittgenstein have observed that language, though powerful, often fractures experience into fragments that silence alone can reconcile. True understanding, therefore, may not always lie in articulation but in the spaces between words — the pauses that lend speech its meaning. Moreover, silence carries moral and emotional weight. It can soothe or wound, liberate or oppress. The silence of complicity sustains injustice, while the silence of contemplation heals. In relationships, silence can communicate intimacy or alienation, depending on intent and context. Thus, to master silence is not to abstain from speech but to discern when words enhance truth and when they obscure it. In learning to listen — to others, to nature, to ourselves — we recover a dimension of awareness long buried beneath the noise of modern life. Silence, then, is not absence but essence: the quiet pulse beneath the surface of existence that restores depth to being.
The author implies that excessive speech or noise in modern life:
A.Leads to deeper empathy
B.Enhances creative thinking
C.Fragmentizes experience and diminishes reflection
D.Strengthens social harmony
Solution
RC — excessive noise
The passage says language often FRACTURES experience into fragments that silence alone can reconcile.
It also pictures awareness as buried beneath the noise of modern life.
So excessive speech/noise fragments experience and reduces reflection.
Hence option (c).
94
Directions (Qs. 92-96): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the contemporary world, silence has become an anomaly — an absence that many mistake for emptiness rather than presence. Yet, silence is not the negation of sound but its most profound counterpoint. It is within silence that reflection finds its voice, that thoughts distill into clarity, and that creativity germinates. In an age dominated by incessant notifications, ceaseless commentary, and performative expression, the ability to be silent is increasingly radical. Philosophers from Lao Tzu to Wittgenstein have observed that language, though powerful, often fractures experience into fragments that silence alone can reconcile. True understanding, therefore, may not always lie in articulation but in the spaces between words — the pauses that lend speech its meaning. Moreover, silence carries moral and emotional weight. It can soothe or wound, liberate or oppress. The silence of complicity sustains injustice, while the silence of contemplation heals. In relationships, silence can communicate intimacy or alienation, depending on intent and context. Thus, to master silence is not to abstain from speech but to discern when words enhance truth and when they obscure it. In learning to listen — to others, to nature, to ourselves — we recover a dimension of awareness long buried beneath the noise of modern life. Silence, then, is not absence but essence: the quiet pulse beneath the surface of existence that restores depth to being.
Which of the following best captures the paradox of silence as discussed in the passage?
A.Silence both conceals and reveals truth.
B.Silence is the absence of emotion.
C.Silence is meaningless without speech.
D.Silence is superior to all forms of expression.
Solution
RC — paradox
The passage shows silence working BOTH ways: it can soothe or wound, liberate or oppress.
The silence of complicity sustains injustice (conceals), while the silence of contemplation heals and clarifies (reveals).
That double nature — concealing and revealing truth — is the paradox.
Hence option (a).
95
Directions (Qs. 92-96): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the contemporary world, silence has become an anomaly — an absence that many mistake for emptiness rather than presence. Yet, silence is not the negation of sound but its most profound counterpoint. It is within silence that reflection finds its voice, that thoughts distill into clarity, and that creativity germinates. In an age dominated by incessant notifications, ceaseless commentary, and performative expression, the ability to be silent is increasingly radical. Philosophers from Lao Tzu to Wittgenstein have observed that language, though powerful, often fractures experience into fragments that silence alone can reconcile. True understanding, therefore, may not always lie in articulation but in the spaces between words — the pauses that lend speech its meaning. Moreover, silence carries moral and emotional weight. It can soothe or wound, liberate or oppress. The silence of complicity sustains injustice, while the silence of contemplation heals. In relationships, silence can communicate intimacy or alienation, depending on intent and context. Thus, to master silence is not to abstain from speech but to discern when words enhance truth and when they obscure it. In learning to listen — to others, to nature, to ourselves — we recover a dimension of awareness long buried beneath the noise of modern life. Silence, then, is not absence but essence: the quiet pulse beneath the surface of existence that restores depth to being.
What tone does the author primarily adopt in the passage?
A.Reflective and philosophical
B.Cynical and dismissive
C.Playful and humorous
D.Coldly analytical
Solution
RC — tone
The author meditates on silence, quoting Lao Tzu and Wittgenstein.
The language is contemplative — weighing moral, emotional and philosophical dimensions.
There is no cynicism, humour or cold detachment.
Hence Reflective and philosophical — option (a).
96
Directions (Qs. 92-96): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the contemporary world, silence has become an anomaly — an absence that many mistake for emptiness rather than presence. Yet, silence is not the negation of sound but its most profound counterpoint. It is within silence that reflection finds its voice, that thoughts distill into clarity, and that creativity germinates. In an age dominated by incessant notifications, ceaseless commentary, and performative expression, the ability to be silent is increasingly radical. Philosophers from Lao Tzu to Wittgenstein have observed that language, though powerful, often fractures experience into fragments that silence alone can reconcile. True understanding, therefore, may not always lie in articulation but in the spaces between words — the pauses that lend speech its meaning. Moreover, silence carries moral and emotional weight. It can soothe or wound, liberate or oppress. The silence of complicity sustains injustice, while the silence of contemplation heals. In relationships, silence can communicate intimacy or alienation, depending on intent and context. Thus, to master silence is not to abstain from speech but to discern when words enhance truth and when they obscure it. In learning to listen — to others, to nature, to ourselves — we recover a dimension of awareness long buried beneath the noise of modern life. Silence, then, is not absence but essence: the quiet pulse beneath the surface of existence that restores depth to being.
In the context of the passage, the word anomaly most nearly means:
A.A deviation from the norm
B.A hidden truth
C.A universal pattern
D.A minor interruption
Solution
RC — 'anomaly'
The opening line says silence 'has become an anomaly' in the contemporary world.
The idea: constant noise is now NORMAL, so silence stands out as unusual.
An anomaly is precisely a deviation from the norm.
Hence option (a).
97
Select the most appropriate option to substitute the underline/Bold segment in the given sentence.
He do not likes to be disturbed while studying.
A.do not like
B.does not liked
C.does not like
D.is not liking
Solution
does not like
The subject 'He' is third-person singular — the auxiliary must be 'does'.
After 'does not', the main verb stays in its BASE form: like.
'He does not like to be disturbed.' ✓ — (a) keeps 'do', (b) wrongly adds -ed, (d) misuses the continuous.
Hence option (c).
98
Select the correct indirect/direct form of the given sentence.
The teacher said that the students had not submitted their assignments.
A.The teacher said, "The students have not submitted their assignments."
B.The teacher said, "The students did not submit their assignments."
C.The teacher said, "The students had not submitted their assignments."
D.The teacher said, "The students are not submitting their assignments."
Solution
Indirect → direct — perfect
Past perfect in reported speech comes from PRESENT PERFECT in the original words.
Reverse the backshift: had not submitted → have not submitted.
Direct form: The teacher said, "The students have not submitted their assignments." ✓
Hence option (a).
99
Choose the idiom that means:
To hold off or to keep something at a distance
A.keep at bay
B.break a leg
C.under the weather
D.on cloud nine
Solution
Idiom — keep at bay
'To keep at bay' means to prevent something from coming near or taking effect — e.g. keeping infection at bay.
'Break a leg' = good luck; 'under the weather' = unwell.
'On cloud nine' = extremely happy.
Hence option (a).
100
Rearrange the following sentences to form a coherent paragraph:
1. These "natural climate solutions" leverage ecosystems' inherent ability to absorb and store carbon.
2. Beyond simply reducing emissions, many conservation efforts now focus on sequestering existing carbon from the atmosphere.
3. Such initiatives often include reforestation, wetland restoration, and sustainable agricultural practices.
4. This approach is gaining traction as a vital complement to transitioning away from fossil fuels.
A.2, 3, 1, 4
B.3, 1, 2, 4
C.2, 1, 3, 4
D.4, 2, 1, 3
Solution
Para jumble — climate solutions
Sentence 2 introduces the theme — sequestering carbon beyond emission cuts — so it opens.
Sentence 1 ('These "natural climate solutions"…') names and defines that effort.
Sentence 3 ('Such initiatives…') gives examples, and sentence 4 closes with its growing importance.
Order 2-1-3-4 — option (c).
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