21 November 2025 · Shift 2

Ranking in a row In a single row the position from the left and the position from the right always add up to one more than the total. Rule: (position from left) + (position from right) = total + 1. Substituting: 24 + x = 60 + 1, where x is his position from the right end. So x = 61 - 24 = 37. Hence Rohan is 37th from the right end.

Percentage calculation Percentage score = (marks obtained ÷ maximum marks) × 100. Substituting the given values: $\frac{108}{160}\times 100$. $\frac{108}{160}=\frac{27}{40}$, so the score is $\frac{27}{40}\times 100$. $\frac{27\times 100}{40}=\frac{2700}{40}=67.5$. Hence the student's percentage score is $67.5\%$.

Syllogism Both premises are negative, and from two negative premises no definite conclusion can ever be drawn. 'No Table is a Chair' and 'No Chair is a Sofa' only separate Chair from the other two; they say nothing about how Table and Sofa stand to each other. Tables and sofas may therefore coincide completely, may overlap partly, or may be entirely separate, so conclusion I ('No Table is a Sofa') is not certain. For the same reason conclusion II ('Some Sofas are not Tables') is not certain either, because every sofa could be a table. The two conclusions are not a complementary pair, so the 'either-or' case does not arise. Hence neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows.

Ranking in a row The middle tree is counted once from the left and once from the right, so it gets counted twice. Rule: total = (position from left) + (position from right) − 1. Substituting: total = 12 + 12 - 1 = 23. Hence there are 23 trees in all.

Direction sense Take the starting point as the origin and draw the three moves one after the other. The 5 km walked East is exactly cancelled by the 5 km walked West, so there is no net east-west shift. Only the 7 km walked South is left, so the finishing point lies directly below the starting point. Hence the person is to the South of his starting point.

Direction and distance Draw the three moves in order, starting from the starting point. The 7 km walked East and the 7 km walked West cancel each other, so the finishing point lies directly above the starting point. The only movement left is the 10 km walked North. Hence the shortest distance between the starting point and the ending point is 10 km.

Symbol based coding Each expression carries three numbers, so compare them to see how the result on the right is built. Rule: first number + (second number $÷$ third number). Check 1: $\frac{400}{20}=20$ and 712+20=732. Check 2: $\frac{252}{18}=14$ and 536+14=550. Apply the rule: $\frac{192}{12}=16$, so the value is 815+16=831. Hence the required value is 831.

Letter series Write the alphabet position of each letter: H = 8, K = 11, N = 14, Q = 17, T = 20. Every letter stands 3 places ahead of the letter before it. So the next position is 20+3=23, and the 23rd letter of the alphabet is W. Hence the letter that replaces the question mark is W.

Course of action The question asks for the most professional response, so judge each option by honesty, accountability and timely communication. Telling the client at once about the delay and offering a revised timeline is honest and lets the client re-plan its own work, so trust is preserved. Submitting incomplete work without saying so is dishonest, blaming the technical team only shifts responsibility, and ignoring the client's calls destroys the relationship. Hence the correct course of action is to inform the client immediately about the delay and propose a revised timeline.

Odd number pair In each pair, divide the first number by the second and see what you get. $\frac{27}{9}=3$, $\frac{45}{15}=3$ and $\frac{33}{11}=3$, so in these three pairs the first number is 3 times the second. $\frac{39}{12}=3.25$, which is not 3; to follow the pattern the pair should have been 39 : 13. Hence 39 : 12 is the pair that does not follow the pattern.

Word analogy Find the relation in the first pair: a pen is the instrument used for writing. In the same way, a needle is the instrument used for sewing. 'Thread' and 'cloth' are the materials used along with a needle, not the work done with it, and 'sharp' is only a quality of the needle. Hence the word related to Needle is Sewing.

Number analogy Compare 4826 with 4286 digit by digit. The first digit and the last digit stay where they are, while the second and the third digits change places. Applying the same rule to 3519, the 3 and the 9 stay fixed and 5 and 1 are interchanged, which gives 3159. Hence the number that replaces the question mark is 3159.

Missing letters series The series p _ r r q p q _ r q _ q r r _ has 15 places, so test a repeating block of 5 letters. The first block reads p _ r r q and the second reads p q _ r q; putting the two together fixes the block as p q r r q. Writing p q r r q three times gives p q r r q / p q r r q / p q r r q, which agrees with every letter already printed. The four blanks therefore take q, r, p and q in that order. Hence the missing letters are qrpq.

Maximum number in a row Priya is 12th from the left, Rahul is 25th from the right, and 6 students stand between them. The row is longest when the two do not overlap, that is when Priya stands to the left of Rahul. The row is then made of three separate blocks: the 12 places up to Priya, the 6 students between them, and the 25 places from Rahul to the right end. Maximum total = 12 + 6 + 25 = 43. Hence the row can have at most 43 students.

Ranking in a row In a single row, the position from the left plus the position from the right is one more than the total. Substituting: 32 + x = 80 + 1, where x is the position from the right end. So x = 81 - 32 = 49. Hence the Mathematics book is 49th from the right end.

Exact string matching In this type of question the reference has to be matched with each option character by character; a single missing full stop or one pair of interchanged letters is enough to reject an option. Option (a) writes the abbreviation as 'Aug' and drops the full stop that the reference has after it. Option (c) spells the day as 'Sunady' — the letters a and d have been interchanged. Option (d) puts a comma after 'Kanpur' where the reference has a full stop. Option (b) agrees with the reference in every letter, space and punctuation mark. Hence, option (b) is the most appropriate answer.

Exact string matching Compare the reference with every option character by character, watching the punctuation as carefully as the spelling. Option (b) has a colon after 'Egypt' where the reference has a full stop. Option (c) spells the city as 'Cairro' with one r too many. Option (d) spells the month as 'Jully' with one l too many. Option (a) keeps the comma after 'Cairo', the full stop after 'Egypt' and the spelling 'July', so it repeats the reference exactly. Hence, option (a) is the most appropriate answer.

Function based analogy First fix the relation in the given pair: a steering wheel is the part the driver holds to change the direction of a car. The part a rider holds to change the direction of a bicycle is the handlebar, so it does exactly the same job. A pedal only drives the cycle, a chain only transmits that motion and a seat only supports the rider — none of them steers it. Hence, option (b) is the most appropriate answer.

Number series Find what happens between one term and the next. 3+3=6, $6\times 2=12$, 12+3=15, $15\times 2=30$, 30+3=33 So the operations +3 and $\times 2$ come alternately, and the step that follows a +3 is always a $\times 2$. Missing term $=33\times 2=66$ Hence, option (c) is the most appropriate answer.

Number series Compare each term with the term before it. $80÷4=20$, $20÷4=5$, $5÷4=1.25$ Every term is one-fourth of the previous term, so the next term $=\frac{1.25}{4}=0.3125$. Hence, option (b) is the most appropriate answer.

Linear seating arrangement Number the eight seats 1 to 8 from the girls' own left to their own right; P and W take seats 1 and 8 in some order. U sits immediately to the left of P, so P cannot be at seat 1; therefore P is at seat 8, U at seat 7 and W at seat 1. S has T and U as its two immediate neighbours, and U is at seat 7, so S is at seat 6 and T at seat 5. R is fourth to the left of S, i.e. at seat 6-4=2. Seats 3 and 4 are left for Q and V; V cannot sit next to T (seat 5), so V takes seat 3 and Q takes seat 4. Second to the right of V (seat 3) is seat 5, which is occupied by T. Hence, option (d) is the most appropriate answer.

Direction sense, turns Each left turn rotates his facing ${90}^{\circ }$ anticlockwise and each right turn rotates it ${90}^{\circ }$ clockwise, so one left turn and one right turn cancel each other. Net turning =15-14=1 left turn, whatever the order of the turns may have been. So the final direction is one left turn away from the starting direction; going backwards, the starting direction is one right turn from the final direction. One right turn from West gives North, so he started walking towards the North. Hence, option (b) is the most appropriate answer.

Direction and distance He starts facing North; a right turn makes him face East, and one more right turn makes him face South. The first 50 km towards the North and the last 50 km towards the South are equal and opposite, so they cancel completely. Only the middle stretch of 75 km towards the East survives. Therefore he is now 75 km away from the starting point, in the East direction. Hence, option (c) is the most appropriate answer.

Statement and conclusion The statement says that every applicant with a master's degree is shortlisted; it does not say that a master's degree is the only way of getting shortlisted. So the group of shortlisted applicants is the bigger set and may also contain people taken in on some other ground. Suman is known to be inside the bigger set only, so it cannot be settled whether she is inside the smaller circle — at most she may hold a master's degree. Option (a) claims a certainty the data do not give, option (c) turns 'all' into 'only', which reverses the statement, and option (d) adds a fact about numbers that is nowhere stated. Hence, option (b) is the most appropriate answer.

Interchange of numbers Interchanging the numbers 5 and 10 means every 5 in the equation is replaced by 10 and every 10 by 5; the other numbers and the digits inside them are untouched. Equation I becomes $5\times 2+10-20÷4$. By BODMAS: =10+10-5=15, which is exactly the right-hand side, so I remains correct. Equation II becomes $10+5÷2\times 4$. By BODMAS: $=10+2.5\times 4=10+10=20$, but the right-hand side is 25, so II is not correct. Only equation II fails after the interchange. Hence, option (b) is the most appropriate answer.