11 February 2025 · Shift 3

Number coding Give every letter its place value in the English alphabet and add the four values. For TDYI: 20+4+25+9=58, and $58\times 2=116$, which is the code given. For NRDP: 14+18+4+16=52, and $52\times 2=104$, again the code given. So the rule is: code $=2\times$ (sum of the place values). For LAWG: 12+1+23+7=43, so its code is $43\times 2=86$. Hence the correct option is (c).

Venn diagram of classes Take the three classes two at a time. Every surgeon is a doctor, so the Surgeons circle lies completely inside the Doctors circle. Some doctors are men and some are women, so Doctors and Men only partly overlap. Some surgeons are men too, so the small Surgeons circle must reach into that overlap. The picture needed is a small circle inside a large circle, with a third circle cutting across both. That is option (b).

Letter series with blanks There are five blanks, so cut the completed line into five groups of four letters. With option (b) the line reads VYUX TWSV RUQT PSOR NQMP. From one group to the next every letter moves 2 places back: V $\to$ T, Y $\to$ W, U $\to$ S, X $\to$ V. The same -2 shift carries TWSV to RUQT, RUQT to PSOR and PSOR to NQMP. So the letters that fill the blanks, in order, are V, W, Q, R and P. Hence the correct option is (b).

Coded blood relations Read the string 'A + H @ S - C' one symbol at a time. 'A + H' means A is the daughter of H, so H is a parent of A. 'H @ S' means H is the sister of S, so H is female and is therefore A's mother. 'S - C' means S is the son of C, so S is male. S is thus the brother of A's mother, that is, A's mother's brother. Hence the correct option is (d).

Mirror image LM is a vertical mirror, so the image is the left-right (lateral) inversion of the figure. Left and right change places; top and bottom stay exactly where they are. The thick black band runs down the right edge of the figure, so in the image it must run down the left edge. The black band along the bottom covers the right part, so in the image it covers the left part. The long line near the top starts at the left edge, so in the image it starts at the right edge and the diagonal below it slopes the other way. Only one option shows all of this without turning the figure upside down. Hence the correct option is (d).

Symbol interchange First swap the signs wherever they occur: $÷$ becomes $\times$, $\times$ becomes $÷$, + becomes - and - becomes +. So $45-2÷8+2\times 2$ has to be read as $45+2\times 8-2÷2$. By BODMAS, divide first: $2÷2=1$. Then multiply: $2\times 8=16$. Finally 45+16-1=60. Hence the correct option is (b).

Dice - opposite faces Rule: two faces that are seen together in one view can never be opposite each other. In view (i) A is seen with N and R, so A is adjacent to N and to R. In view (ii) A is seen with D and G, so A is adjacent to D and to G as well. A is therefore adjacent to four faces - N, R, D and G - and the only face left over is E. So E lies opposite A, that is, the face opposite E is A. Hence the correct option is (c).

Letter-cluster series Read the three positions of the clusters as three separate series. First letters M, J, G, D fall by 3 each time, so the next is D-3= A. Second letters T, R, P, N fall by 2 each time, so the next is N-2= L. Third letters D, C, B, A fall by 1 each time; taking the alphabet as circular, the next is A-1= Z. The missing cluster is therefore ALZ. Hence the correct option is (d).

Linear seating All seven face north, so a person's right is our right and a person's left is our left. 'B is immediately right of D and immediately left of F' gives the block D, B, F. 'A is immediately right of F and immediately left of E' extends it to D, B, F, A, E. 'G is immediately right of E and immediately left of C' completes the row as D, B, F, A, E, G, C. D is the first person in this row, so D sits at the left end. Hence the correct option is (d).

Letter-cluster analogy Compare NRNL with IMIG letter by letter: N $\to$ I, R $\to$ M, N $\to$ I, L $\to$ G - every letter moves back 5 places. Check on the second pair: P -5= K, T -5= O, P -5= K, N -5= I, which is KOKI. Apply the same shift to DHDB, taking the alphabet as circular: D -5= Y, H (8)-5=3= C, D -5= Y, B -5= W. So DHDB is related to YCYW. Hence the correct option is (a).

Syllogism 'All sprouts are lentils' puts the whole Sprouts circle inside the Lentils circle. 'Some lentils are ramens' only makes Lentils and Ramens overlap; that overlap need not touch Sprouts. 'Some ramens are pastas' likewise only makes Ramens and Pastas overlap. A diagram can be drawn in which no sprout is a ramen, so conclusion (II) does not follow. In the same diagram no sprout is a pasta either, so conclusion (I) does not follow. Hence neither conclusion follows, which is option (b).

Alphabetical rearrangement Write MIGHTY, and under it the same six letters in alphabetical order. The alphabetical order of M, I, G, H, T, Y is G, H, I, M, T, Y. Compare position by position: M/G, I/H, G/I and H/M all change. The 5th letter is T in both rows and the 6th letter is Y in both rows. So exactly two letters keep their position. Hence the correct option is (a).

Letter-number analogy Compare CJ 16 with DF 9 part by part: C $\to$ D is +1, J $\to$ F is -4, and $16\to 9$ is -7. Check it on the second pair: F +1= G, K -4= G and 9-7=2, which is GG 2. Now apply the same rule to OO 2: O +1= P, O -4= K and 2-7=-5. So OO 2 is related to PK -5. Hence the correct option is (a).

Figure series Count the rays - the segments that leave the centre and end in a solid dot. Box 1 has 1 ray, box 2 has 2, box 3 has 3 and box 4 has 4, so box 5 must have 5. The rays are also added in a fixed order, each new one a quarter-turn further clockwise: east, then south-east, then south, then south-west. The next ray in that turn is the one pointing west. So the missing figure carries exactly five rays - east, south-east, south, south-west and west. Only one option has five rays, and they are these five. Hence the correct option is (a).

Number series Take the differences between consecutive terms. 10-7=3, 16-10=6 and 25-16=9. The differences themselves rise by 3 each time: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15. So the missing term is 25+12=37. The check works: 37+15=52, the last term given. Hence the correct option is (c).

Odd one out - letter clusters Find the gap between the 1st and 2nd letters and between the 2nd and 3rd letters of each cluster. UBI: U +7= B and B +7= I (the alphabet is taken as circular), so the gaps are +7,+7. SZG: S +7= Z and Z +7= G, again +7,+7. KRY: K +7= R and R +7= Y, again +7,+7. BIO: B +7= I, but I +6= O, so its second gap is +6. BIO is the only cluster that does not run on +7,+7. Hence the correct option is (a).

Dice - opposite faces Rule: two faces that appear together in one view can never be opposite each other. In view (i) E is seen with H and R, so E is adjacent to H and to R. In view (ii) E is seen with T and F, so E is adjacent to T and to F as well. E is therefore adjacent to four faces - H, R, T and F. The only face left over is A, so A lies opposite E. Hence the face opposite A is E, option (a).

Alternating number series The terms jump up and down, so split the line into two alternate series. The terms in the odd places are 670, 671, 673, 676 - they rise by 1, then 2, then 3. The terms in the even places are 668, 666, 662, ? - they fall by 2, then 4, then 6. The question mark is the 8th term, so it belongs to the even-place series. The next fall in that series is 6, giving 662-6=656. Hence the correct option is (b).

Letter-digit coding DAYS $\to$ 7812 and AIDS $\to$ 1237. The letters D, A and S occur in both words, and the digits 7, 1 and 2 occur in both codes. So D, A and S take the digits 7, 1 and 2 in some order. The letter left over in DAYS is Y, so Y =8; the letter left over in AIDS is I, so I =3. Hence the code for I is 3, option (b).

Circular seating All seven face the centre, so a person's left is the clockwise direction and a person's right is the anticlockwise direction. 'K is immediately right of L' therefore puts K one seat anticlockwise of L, i.e. in clockwise order K comes just before L. Counting from the left of K means counting clockwise, so with three people in between M sits 4 seats clockwise from K. Three people also sit between L and H, and since L is 1 seat clockwise from K, H sits 5 seats clockwise from K. The seats 2, 3 and 6 clockwise from K are left for G, I and J, and 'J is immediately right of I' forces J into seat 2 and I into seat 3. So the clockwise order is K, L, J, I, M, H, G. Counting clockwise from I we meet M, H, G, K and then L, so four people sit between L and I. Hence the correct option is (a).